Form for concrete construction.



I PATENTBD'MAY 29, 1906. HAWAY. E

H. W; HAT FORM FOR CONCRBT CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED D110 1, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. H 5

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PATENTED MAY 29, 1906.

H. W. HATHAWAY.

FORM FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLIOATIONIILED DEO.1, 1905.

2 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. HAROLD w. .HATHAWAY, OF DAYTON, OHIO. FORM. FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

'. Specification of Letters Patent.

latenteo. may 29, 1906.

Application r163 December 1, 905. Serial 110,289,763.

.['0 a, whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HAROLD W. HATHA- WAY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Dayton, county of Montgomery, State of Ohio, have invented an Improvement in Forms forConcrete Construction, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts. g

This invention has for its object the production of simple,cheap, and eflicient forms for use in concrete building construction, whereby the cost of such construction is very materially reduced and the labor diminished. In the various systems of concrete construction now in vogue it is necessary to build up forms ofwood, which are bolted or nailed together, constituting molds for concrete floor slabs and beams and walls, the construction of the forms being an expensive part of the work, requiring much time and abor. By my present invention much of this labor is done away with and time saved, and in accordance therewith, the forms are made of a thin, relatively light, and cheap material, preferably sheet-steel, and so constructed'that they can be readily set up and temporarily supported in position for the.

placmgof the concrete. I The forms for floor-beams or wall structures can be made of the desired length, or

they can be made extensible to accommodate concrete beams of different spans.

By making the sides and bottoms of forms for floor-beams and ceiling-slabs interlocking they can be readily assembled and taken apart and removed after the concrete has set.

.The various novel features of my invention will be fullydescribed in the subjoined specification, and particularly pointed out in the following claims. v

Figure 1 is a perspective view of forms for beam and floor-slab construction embodying my invention, the adaptation of the forms for supporting ceiling-lathing being shown, the forms in such case remaining permanently in place. Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail showing one mode of locking together the sides of the form and supporting the metal lathing for the ceiling. Fig. 3 shows the form made of wire -nett1ng with a suitable lining and locked by a channel-strip, this form being left permanently in place. Fig. 4 is another arrangement for locking the bottom and floor-sl ab.

- is a view of another arran ement, whereln a separate locking member or. the form is obviated, the lathin g for the ceiling being partly shown. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of forms for beams and floor-slabs locked'in position ready for the concrete. Fig. '8 shows in perspective a modified and very simple construct1on for permanent forms. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of an extension-form whereby its length may be adjusted to the span of the beam; and Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing the mode of utilizin the forms in buildin walls, to be referre to hereinafter.

n the construction ofcon crete floors beams are made of the concrete at suitable distances apart, the intervening-spaces bein filled by what are termed floor-slabs, the earns being reinforced by steel or iron tension bars or rods embedded in the concrete.

To shape or mold each beam, a form is made having opposite sides and a bottom,

and the nearer sides of two adjacent beamforms are connected by a support for the land 2 of two beam-forms connected at their upper edges by a transverse slab-support 3, the parts preferably bein made of thin sheetsteel, the lower edge of t e side 1 being bent laterally and downward'at 4, while the lower edge of the side 2 is bent laterally, but in the opposite direction at 5, and then'it is also downturned at 6.

When the parts are assembled, the beam form or mold is made by two sides 1 and 2, the bent lower ed es contacting to close the bottom, and a loc ing-member 7 is then applied to hold the sides together.

Lateral braces or withes 8 rigidly connect the slab-support 3 and the attached side portions 1 and 2 of the beam-forms. This arrangement of forms is re eated from one to the other side wall, the orms being cut to suit the span of the beams, and temporary supports are employed to hold the forms in position.

In Fig. 1 I have shown tension rods or bars 8 for the beams, the concrete being filled and thereafter the forms can be readily taken down. and used over again, and in that case the forms are painted or coated with any suitable preparation which will prevent the adhesion of the concrete thereto. the forms be left in place, as may be done, they can be made of sheet metal, as described, or they may be made of stout wirc netting, as shown in Fig. 3, the bottom of each beam-form being made by a metal channel 9, which locks over the bent edges 10 of the form sides. When wire-netting is thus employed, the forms must be lined with heavy paper, as at 11, Fig. 3, to prevent the escape of the concrete before it sets.

A fiat ceiling can be readily provided if the beam structure is not to show when the ceiling is finished by fastening wire lathing or netting 12 into the bottoms of the beamforms, (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3,) the lathing being held in place by the sides of the forms and the locking members cooperating there with. Manifestly when ceiling-lathing is employed in such manner the forms must be left permanently in place. If the forms are to be removed, however, and a flat ceiling is de sired, wires may be bedded in the concrete at the bottoms of the beams in usual manner by supporting such wires on the bottoms of the beam-forms, parts of the wires being upturned to be embedded in the concrete, and after the forms are removed the lower ends of the wires are bent down and the wire lathing is fastened thereby to the beams.

The forms for temporary use are made of heavier steel to stand the wear and tear of repeated handling and use; but for forms re maining in place permanently much lighter construction can be employed, and if of sheet metal no coating or painting is necessary.

Referring to Fig. 9, I have shown an extensible form for beam and floor work, the parts 16 and 17 sliding one within the other, each part presenting two sides for beamshaping and a connecting slab-support, and in practice lateral braces or withes will be used, as before referred to, to stiffen and strengthen the forms. Such extensible forms can be adjusted to the length of the room without cutting, and a separate bottom for each beam-form can be held in place by supports from the floor below.

Referring to Fig. 5, I have shown an interlocking channel 18 for temporary or removable forms, and in setting up the forms the one at the left will first be positioned and the curved or locking edge 19 of the channel applied thereto. Then the next or right-hand form for beam sides and floor-slabs is locked onto the edge 20 of the channel and set up, the operation being continued across the width ofthe room.

To remove the forms, the reverse order of procedure 18 observed, the last form set up being taken down first and unlocked from the Should downturned edges 24 of the channel and thereby held in place.

A beamed ceiling can be made by the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, and the forms may be either temporary or permanent, as desired.

The various forms herein described and shown have been interlocked by separate channels or locking members; but in Fig. 6 I show an arrangement wherein a separate locking member is not used, the adjacent parts of the forms interlocking directly.

In Fig. 6 the sides 25 of the form for the beam are bent inward, as at 26, to form the bottom face of the beam, and the lockingbend 27 of one of the sides interlocks with the locking-bend 28 of the complemental side, each of the side members of the form having the slab support or form 29, substantially as previously described.

If the beams are to be exposed in the completed structure, the forms shown in Fi 6 can be taken down with very little trou 1e; but if a flat ceiling is required. it can be made, as shown in Fi 8, by tie-wires bedded into the concrete 0 the beams or the metallic lathing can be fastened onto the lockingbends 27 28, Fig. 6, provided the forms are permanent.

To make the lathing secure, the lockingseams are tightened or closed up with a hammer, and clips or wires can also be used to attach the lathing to withes or partitions, &c.

So far I have shown the beam-forms as boxes or made cellular and the floor-slab forms as attached lateral extensions of the sides of the beam-forms; but the slab-forms may be made cellular, if desired, and interlocked with the beam-forms, as in Fig. 7. Therein the sides 30 of each beam-form are separate, each having a locking groove or channel 31 at its upper edge and a locking lip r bend 32 at its lower edge, the lips or ben s 32 interlocking with the channel 33,

and the latter may have one of its locking edges hinged or readily bent, as at 33 to facilitate removal of the forms.

The slab-forms are shown at 34, Fig. 7, and they are made box-like and telescopic, or they may bemade of fixed lengths, with a depression or groove 35 in one edge to receive the tongue 36 on the adjacent edge of the next form. Such slab-forms 34 are also provided adjacent each transverse edge with a depending lip 37 to enter the locking-channel 3] of the adjacent side 30 of the lu-xam-form, whereby the slab-forms are held in proper position, it being understood that the concrete for the floor-slabs is molded on the tops of the forms 34. Such-slab-forms are used when the area to be covered is greater than could be properly supported by the structure shown in t e preceding arrangements, wherein the floorslabs are formed or supported on integral parts of the sides of the beam-forms.

In the drawin s simple forms of interlocking bends have con illustrated; but it will be manifest that various other forms of bends or interlocks can be used within the spirit and scope of my invention. Furthermore, in practice the parts where locked together would-fit ti htly to prevent the entrance of any material portion of the concrete when the forms are to be removed after the setting of the concrete. I I

Concrete walls can be constructed by means of forms similar to the floor-slab forms illustrated in Fig. 7 and in Fig. 10 I have shown how the forms can be used in wall-building.

Cast-iron sockets 38 are driven into place in two parallel rows along the line of the wall to be built, and into these sockets are set metallic upri hts or standards 39 the height of the wall, the standards being shown as channel-bars in Fig. 10 and from three to four feet apart in each row, the rows bein separated a distance depending upon the t 'ckness of the wall. The forms 40 are then built up and attached to the standards, said forms beingsubstantially like the forms 34, (shown in- Fig. 7,) except that they have no lockinglips, and they are set on edge one above the other in tiers. Thereupon the concrete is introduced in any usual manner into the box or mold thus produced, and in Fig. 10 the forms are shown as telescopic or'extensible, with a tongue 41 on one edge and a groove 42 in the other edge. Clamps 42 are secured to the forms and embrace the standards, and wedges 43 are driven in to hold the clamps securely in place. Such forms are coated or painted, as before specified, to prevent the concrete from sticking thereto, and in practice the standards are substantiallybraced and cross-braced to secure the necessary rigidity.

After the lower portion of the concrete wall has set the-clamps for the lower tier of forms can be loosened and released and the forms removed, leaving those above clamped in position, the removed forms being again used higher up on the wall or on other parts of the work. Proper shapes for door and window openings are provided, and they can be so constructed that the formswill lock therewith when in use. In the construction herein described the beam sides and floor-slab supports are shown connected together; but in Fig. 8 a very simple and inexpensive arrangement is shown. To roduce the same, a sheet of metal is provi ed of requisite length and wide enough to form the top 13, opposite sides 14, and bottom 15 of a box-like structure, and before the sheet is bent it is run through a stamping or perforating apparatus to erforate the bottom portion 15 substantia y like metal lathing. These box-like structures are stiffened and strengthened by wooden withes W, Fig. 8, to which the top and sides are suitably secured by nails. Such boxes are set up side by side, as shown, so that the beam sides are formed by the adj acent sides 14 of two boxes, the bottom being conveniently made by a plank Mi and the concrete is filled into the beam-molds thus provided, while the concrete floor-slabs are supported on the tops 13 of the boxes. Such forms are when set up permanently secured in place, and afterthe concrete has set the plank bottomsav can be removed, leaving the bottom of each beam exposed. The ceil ing-plaster is then applied, the perforated bottoms 15 of the boxes serving to sustain the same in lieu of separately-applied lathing.

The sides and tops of the boxes can be ribbed 'or corrugated or perforated at intervals, if

desired.

Any suitable mode of securing together the meeting edges of the sheet of metal forming each box can be adopted.

It will be manifest that a set of forms for a particular piece of work can be made in such manner as to conform to the general architectural design and that such forms can be used over and over in other buildings of the same general type.

Var1ous changes or modifications can therefore be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In concrete building construction, a series of light metallic forms each comprising two beam side molding portions, and an in tervening floor-slab support or molding portion, and elongated channel-like members to lock the lower edges of said forms together from'end to end and complete the beam-moldjing portions.

2. In concrete buildin construction, a series of metallic forms a apted when assembled to mold a plurality of beams and intervening floor-slabs, means to lock said forms in assembled position, and means to sustain ceiling-lathing between the beam-molding parts of the forms.

3. In concrete building construction, a series of longitudinally-telescopic adjustable sheet-metal forms adapted when assembled to mold a plurality of beams and intervening floor-slabs, and means to lock said adjustable forms in assembled position.

4. A sheet-metal form for concrete construction, comprising two longitudinallytelescopic members each havin a floor-slabmolding portion and at each s1 e a depending portion to mold one side of a beam, and means to look a depending portion of one form to a similar portion of another form.

5. Inconcrete construction, separable metallic forms to constitute molds for beams and floor-slabs, means to interlock a plurality of such forms in 0 erative position, and means to sustain metailic ceiling-lathing on such interlocked forms.

6. In concrete construction, separable metallic forms to constitute molds for beams and floor-slabs, the lower edges of the sideportions of each beam-mold having longitudinally-extended and continuous locking-lips, and a lockin member for each beam-mold provided'wit portions to interlock with the said extended locking-lips and thereby maintain a series of forms in operative position.

7. A metallic form member for concrete construction, comprising a floor-slab su port, a downturned portion at each si e I thereof to constitute the side of a beammold, transverse bracing between such downturned portions, and locking means on the latter whereby two adjacent members may be locked together.

8. In concrete construction, sheet-metal forms comprising depending beam-molding portions having locking means on their lower edges, slab-sup orting portions connecting the adjacent si es of two beam-molding portions, and an elongated locking member to cooperate with the. locking means on the lower edges of each cooperating pair of beams21,eeo

molding portions from end to end of said edges.

9. In concrete construction, cellular fioorcrete construction, having a depression in one of its longitudinal edges and-a tongue on its opposite edge.

11. In concrete wall construction, a series of cellular, metallic members set in upright position one u on another in tiers, one ongitudinal edge 0 each member having a groove and. its op osite edge 'havin a tongue, upright stan ards, sockets in W 'ch their lower ends are fixed, and -means' to detachably clamp the cellular members to the standards. 12. Metallic forfns for concrete construction, comprising separable members constitutin sides for beam-molds and having integra lateral extensions to support intervening floor-slabs, and means extending longitudinally of the lower edges of the members to lock together said members in pairs along the bottom of the beam-mold.

In testimony, whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HAROLD W. HATHAWAY.

Witnesses:

MYERS Y. COOPER, H. D. POWERS. 

